Original
The curve defined by the equation {{MATH_76}} is not a graph of a function. If we solve for {{MATH_77}}, we obtain two solutions:
{{MATH_78}} and {{MATH_79}}. Therefore, we can say that any point {{MATH_80}} on the curve lies on the graph of some function {{MATH_81}}.
Starting with
{{MATH_82}}
we differentiate both sides of the
equation with respect to {{MATH_83}} to obtain
{{MATH_84}}
Applying the sum rule we see
{{MATH_85}}
Let's examine each of these terms in turn. To start
{{MATH_86}}
On the other hand, {{MATH_87}} is somewhat different. Here we assume that {{MATH_88}} for some function {{MATH_89}}, defined on some open interval (this is true for all points {{MATH_90}}). Hence, by the chain rule
{{ENV_91}}
Putting this together, we are left with the equation
{{MATH_92}}
At this point, we solve for {{MATH_93}}. Write
{{ENV_94}}
Remark: Notice that the derivative {{MATH_95}} is expressed in terms of both variables {{MATH_96}} and {{MATH_97}}. This should not come as a surprise. If you think about it, the function and its derivative are not determined solely by the value of {{MATH_98}}. Recall what happens if {{MATH_99}}.